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White Paper: Successful High-Precision QoS Measurement In Widely Deployed 10-Gbit/s Networks Based On General-Purpose Personal Computers NTT Laboratories has developed a 10-Gbit/s PCI (peripheral component interconnect) network interface card (NIC) with network measurement extensions (measurement NIC). It works both as a normal NIC for a 10-Gbit/s network and as a measurement NIC. Its extensions enable precise measurements of the network status and quality of service (QoS). It will let us develop a reliable network measurement system based on inexpensive general-purpose personal computers (PCs). This article describes techniques for building 10-Gbit/s wire-rate precise network measurement systems that can measure the quality of service (QoS) of high-speed networks precisely and quickly, even with non-sampling measurements. 08/31/2010 821.1 KB
Datasheet: 2.0 To 6.0 GHz GaAs SPDT Switch: SKY13351-378LF Skyworks’ SKY13351-378LF is a pHEMT GaAs FET I/C switch for transmit/receive applications including WLAN 802.11 a/b/g/n networks, WLAN repeaters, ISM band radios, and low power transmit receive systems. Optimum switching functionality is achieved by connecting the RF common port (INPUT, pin 5) to either the OUTPUT1 or OUTPUT2 port (pin 1 or 3, respectively) using a low loss path (i.e., a positive voltage applied to either VCTL1 or VCTL2 pins). The switch, which is manufactured in a Skyworks Green™ compact, 1 x 1 mm, 6-pin exposed pad plastic micro leadframe package dual (MLPD) package, is “reflective short” on the isolated port. 08/05/2010 778.8 KB
White Paper: The Design Of E-Band MMIC Amplifiers The worldwide availability of a large amount of spectrum at 71-76GHz and 81-86 GHz (commonly known as "E-band") for high data-rate wireless links has led to substantial interest. The design of electronic equipment at such high frequencies is challenging. Parasitic effects that were negligible at microwave frequencies become problematic and the availability of suitable active components is very restricted. The development of custom GaAs MMICs offers a route to realising low-cost, reproducible E-band components. This article addresses the design and implementation of E-band MMIC amplifiers. It considers process selection, design challenges and practical approaches and presents the measured and modelled performance of a single-stage E-band gain block. 08/04/2010 320.9 KB
White Paper: What's The Best Wireless Transport Option For Uncompressed HDTV Video? Once the exclusive realm of scientific research and military use, wireless systems operating in the upper millimeter wave (MMW) regions are now providing cost-effective solutions for high-capacity commercial data transport needs. The unique attributes of MMW signal propagation, combined with the scarcity of RF spectrum at lower frequencies, assures that the proliferation of MMW systems and their effect on daily life will continue. This article examines the unique attributes of signal propagation in the MMW region. The goal of this analysis is to provide the reader with a general, working knowledge to make informed decisions when considering MMW solutions. 08/03/2010 951.6 KB
Datasheet: SMP1371-087LF Surface Mount PIN Diode The SMP1371-087LF is a surface mountable PIN diode suitable for use in an RF switch or attenuator circuit. Maximum resistance at 10 mA is 0.5 O and maximum capacitance at 20 V is 1.2 pF. The combination of low capacitance, low parasitic inductance, low thermal resistance, and nominal 12 µm I-region width, makes the SMP1371-087LF useful in fast, large signal switch applications. 07/30/2010 385.5 KB
Datasheet: SMP1324-087LF Surface Mount PIN Diode The SMP1324-087LF is a surface mountable PIN diode suitable for use in an RF switch or attenuator circuit. Maximum resistance at 50 mA is 0.75 O and maximum capacitance at 30 V is 1.5 pF. The combination of low capacitance, low parasitic inductance, low thermal resistance, and nominal 100 µm I-region width, makes the SMP1324-087LF useful in large signal switches and attenuator applications. 07/30/2010 387.3 KB
Mechanical Drawing: 4 Way MoCA Splitter: 75PD-167 This 4 Way MoCA Splitter has an 8 8 Port Resistive Power Splitter for MOCA testing configuration. It operates in the DC-2250 MHz frequency range and has a 75 0hms nominal impedance. 07/30/2010 33.8 KB
Spec Sheet: 4 Way MoCA Splitter: 75PD-167 This 4 Way MoCA Splitter has an 8 8 Port Resistive Power Splitter for MOCA testing configuration. It operates in the DC-2250 MHz frequency range and has a 75 0hms nominal impedance. 07/30/2010 21.1 KB
Datasheet: 8 Way MoCA Splitter: 75PD-168 This 8 Way MoCA Splitter has an 8 8 Port Resistive Power Splitter for MOCA testing configuration. It operates in the DC-2250 MHz frequency range and has a 75 0hms nominal impedance. 07/30/2010 21.2 KB
Mechanical Drawing: 8 Way MoCA Splitter: 75PD-168 This 8 Way MoCA Splitter has an 8 8 Port Resistive Power Splitter for MOCA testing configuration. It operates in the DC-2250 MHz frequency range and has a 75 0hms nominal impedance. 07/30/2010 35.8 KB
Spec Sheet: 16 Way MoCA Splitter: 75PD-169 This 16 Way MoCA Splitter has a 16 Port Resistive Power Splitter for MOCA testing configuration. It operates in the DC-2250 MHz frequency range and has a 75 0hms nominal impedance. 07/30/2010 21.4 KB
Mechanical Drawing: 16 Way MoCA Splitter: 75PD-169 This 16 Way MoCA Splitter has a 16 Port Resistive Power Splitter for MOCA testing configuration. It operates in the DC-2250 MHz frequency range and has a 75 0hms nominal impedance. 07/30/2010 39.0 KB
Mechanical Drawing: DC-2150 MhZ Programmable Attenuator: 75P-174 This DC-2150 MhZ Programmable Attenuator (JFW Model Number 75P-174) operates from DC-2150 MHz and has a 75 0hms nominal impedance. The attenuation range is 0-63 dB in 1 dB steps, and the attenuation steps are 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 dB. 07/30/2010 32.3 KB
Spec Sheet: DC-2150 MhZ Programmable Attenuator: 75P-174 This DC-2150 MhZ Programmable Attenuator (JFW Model Number 75P-174) operates from DC-2150 MHz and has a 75 0hms nominal impedance. The attenuation range is 0-63 dB in 1 dB steps, and the attenuation steps are 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 dB. 07/30/2010 21.5 KB
Catalog: RF Coaxial Switches Electro-mechanical and Solid-state, coaxial switches for a wide range of RF and microwave applications. Choose the RF switch that is right for you from our thousands of existing switches or send us the exact specifications you are looking for and let us design a switch with your needs in mind. 07/19/2010 2.79 MB
Datasheet: Yellowjacket-B/A/N/G - Handheld 802.11b/a/n/g Wi-Fi Analysis Yellowjacket® B/A/N/G is a wireless test receiver system that demodulates, sweeps, analyzes, and optimizes all popular 802.11 Wi-Fi network standards including 802.11b/g (2.4 GHz), 802.11a (5 GHz) and even 802.11n. The calibrated receiver is a passive measurement device that is network independent so it remains “invisible” to any Wi-Fi network. Yellowjacket® B/A/N/G is also a powerful spectrum analyzer that measures RF energy (2.0-4.0 & 4.9-5.9 GHz) allowing not only detailed interference analysis but the ability to see the “whole picture” of your 2.4 and 5 GHz network WISP or hotspot. 07/15/2010 1.16 MB
Application Note: Budgeting Harmonics For ZigBee Front-End Modules The growth of low-power, cost-effective wireless radio systems is driving more applications to use the ZigBee communication standard. Some of these applications require a signal to propagate over a short range. When installed in a large building or operating outdoors over a wide area, such a system may benefit from transmitting more power. This article details how to specify harmonics for a ZigBee Front-End Module (FEM). Requirements from the different regulatory standards are reviewed and analyzed using the simulation harmonic content of Offset Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (OQPSK) spread spectrum modulation. The effects of the measurement bandwidth and detector on the harmonics level of both sine and ZigBee waveforms are also evaluated. 07/13/2010 1.57 MB
White Paper: Managing TDD-FDD Interference Between Co-Sited Base Stations Deployed In Adjacent Frequency Blocks In many urban and semi-rural areas new base station sites can be difficult to obtain leading to new operators being required to share sites with existing operators. In such circumstances it is generally necessary to minimize inter-network interference especially between TDD and FDD systems operating in adjacent spectrum blocks. This article reports an analysis and measurement campaign which concludes that inter-network interference between co-sited base stations can be readily reduced to a manageable level with minimal impact on system capacity through careful antenna siting during deployment. Co-sited base station operation is entirely possible even between TDD and FDD (or TDD)system adjacencies. 07/13/2010 1.36 MB
Application Note: Mixer VNA Measurements Frequency translated devices are key components of any communication system, whether they are up-converters, down-converters or basic mixers. Since their input and output frequencies are different, they require special features and setups for Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) measurements. With the frequency offset capability of today’s VNAs, where the source and receiver are independently synthesized, such measurements are possible and require a much less complicated setup. With special calibration techniques, vector error corrected measurements are possible for added accuracy, and absolute phase, as well as group delay information. 07/13/2010 2.91 MB
Datasheet: Fully Shielded Field Generation Test System: AS18013 AR RF/Microwave Instrumentation has designed a complete field generation test system that is fully shielded, making it ideal for use in an anechoic chamber without being susceptible to or causing interference. 07/09/2010 65.2 KB
Datasheet: Electric Field Probes - FL7040 These smart, fast, extremely accurate electric field probes contain an internal microprocessor to provide linearization, temperature compensation, control, and communication functions. Noise reduction and temperature compensation allow accurate measurements down to 2 V/m without zero adjustment. Microprocessor based linearization technology provides a 54 dB dynamic range. When rotated about its magic angle mount, the FL7060 probe provides typical isotropic response of +1.5 dB to 60 GHz. The FL7040 probe provides typical isotropic response of +1.5 dB to 40 GHz. These electric filed probes are laser powered to allow for continuous operation without recharging or battery replacement. 07/09/2010 99.4 KB
Datasheet: Electric Field Probes - FL7060 These smart, fast, extremely accurate electric field probes contain an internal microprocessor to provide linearization, temperature compensation, control, and communication functions. Noise reduction and temperature compensation allow accurate measurements down to 2 V/m without zero adjustment. Microprocessor based linearization technology provides a 54 dB dynamic range. When rotated about its magic angle mount, the FL7060 probe provides typical isotropic response of +1.5 dB to 60 GHz. The FL7040 probe provides typical isotropic response of +1.5 dB to 40 GHz. These electric filed probes are laser powered to allow for continuous operation without recharging or battery replacement. 07/09/2010 130.2 KB
Application Note: Real-Time Spectrum Analysis For EMI Diagnostics This article briefly examines the different stages of design and test with respect to test equipment and measurement techniques. It also reviews the currently-specified detection and filtering methods, and provides a quick reference to the specified measurement bands and their associated filters and detectors. Finally, an example of EMI diagnostics is given, using the unique DPX spectrum display for discovery and the frequency mask trigger for signal capture. 07/09/2010 844.1 KB
Datasheet: 5 GHz Linear Power Amplifier: RF5616 The RF5616 is a linear, medium-power, high-efficiency power amplifier IC designed specifically for battery-powered WLAN applications such as PC cards, mini PCI, and compact flash applications. 07/01/2010 977.5 KB
Tutorial: The Case For GPS Simulation As demand for precision GPS receivers continues to grow through a number of industries and applications, increased attention to focused GPS receiver test can land you ahead of the competition. With a GPS simulator, you have full control over signal power levels, Doppler shifts, ephemeris errors, multi-path fading, ionospheric effects, and many other impairments found in real-world GPS signals. By simulating a GPS signal, you can introduce each of these impairments individually or in scenario-specific combinations for the targeted troubleshooting needed to truly improve your design. 07/01/2010 44.2 KB